動詞 + 受詞 + 不定詞的句型有兩種情況，第一種情況為受詞 (名詞或受格代名詞) 是必要的，而第二種情況為受詞是選擇性的，可有可無。就第一種情況的動詞 + 受詞 + 不定詞句型而言，動詞部分包括亦可接動名詞當受詞的 advise, allow, encourage, permit, require, urge 等。
受詞為必要的動詞 + 受詞 + 不定詞句型
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advise |
I advised John to study abroad. (我建議約翰出國唸書) |
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allow |
The manager doesn’t allow us to speak aloud. (經理不允許我們講話太大聲) |
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cause |
The divorce caused him to begin abusing alcohol. (離婚使他開始酗酒) |
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convince |
I convinced him to marry his daughter to my son. (我說服他把他女兒嫁給我兒子) |
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enable |
Money from his father-in-law enabled Jason to buy the house. (岳父給傑森的錢使他有能力買下這棟房子) |
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encourage |
Amy encouraged me to study abroad. (艾美鼓勵我出國留學) |
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force |
I force myself to do exercise every day. (我強迫自己每天做運動) |
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get (使役動詞) |
I couldn’t get them to understand what I was saying. (我沒辦法讓他們理解我說的事情) |
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hire |
Paul hired a private detective to trace his wife. (保羅雇用一名私家偵探跟蹤他太太) |
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invite |
Cindy invited all of us to take part in her birthday party. (辛蒂邀請我們所有人參加她的生日派對) |
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order |
The police ordered the suspect to put his hands in the air. (警察命令嫌犯舉起雙手) |
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permit |
Sarah won’t probably permit you to stay overnight at her house. (莎拉大概不會允許你在她家過夜) |
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remind |
The professor reminded us to hand in our reports on time. (教授提醒我們準時交報告) |
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require |
The agreement requires all parties to renounce the war of words. (協議要求所有黨派放棄口水戰) |
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tell |
The teacher told us to shut up. (老師叫我們閉嘴) |
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urge |
The mayor urges the citizens to recycle bottles and paper. (市長呼籲市民回收瓶子和廢紙) |
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warn |
Richard warned his wife not to eat too much. (理查告誡他太太別吃太多) |
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advise |
I advised studying abroad. (我建議出國唸書) / I advised John to study abroad. (我建議約翰出國唸書) |
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allow |
The manager doesn’t allow speaking aloud. (經理不允許講話太大聲) / The manager doesn’t allow us to speak aloud. (經理不允許我們講話太大聲) |
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encourage |
Amy encouraged studying abroad. (艾美鼓勵出國留學) / Amy encouraged me to study abroad. (艾美鼓勵我出國留學) |
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permit |
Sarah won’t probably permit staying overnight at her house. (莎拉大概不會允許在她家過夜) / Sarah won’t probably permit you to stay overnight at her house. (莎拉大概不會允許你在她家過夜) |
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require |
The agreement requires renouncing the war of words. (協議要求放棄口水戰) / The agreement requires all parties to renounce the war of words. (協議要求所有黨派放棄口水戰) |
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urge |
The mayor urges recycling bottles and paper. (市長呼籲回收瓶子和廢紙) / The mayor urges the citizens to recycle bottles and paper. (市長呼籲市民回收瓶子和廢紙) |
受詞為選擇性的動詞 + 受詞 + 不定詞句型
注意：就此句型而言，動詞可接不定詞或受詞 + 不定詞，亦即受詞是選擇性的，可有可無。然而，有無受詞，執行動作者往往是不同人。以下面第一個動詞 “ask" 為例，在第一個例句中，約翰詢問他本人是否可以離開 (要離開的人是約翰；換言之，不定詞 to leave 的主詞是 John)，而在第二個例句中，約翰要求瑪麗離開 (要離開的人是瑪麗；換言之，不定詞 to leave 的主詞是 Mary)，因此有無受詞的句意並不相同。
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ask |
John asked to leave. (約翰要求離開) / John asked Mary to leave. (約翰要求瑪麗離開) |
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choose |
I chose to help Tony out. (我決定幫東尼一把) / I chose Paul to help Tony out. (我選定保羅來幫東尼一把) |
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expect |
They expect to arrive in Japan early. (他們預料將提早抵達日本) / They expect the high-ranking official to arrive in Japan early. (他們預料這位高官將提早抵達日本) |
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need |
I need to mop the floor every day. (我需要每天拖地板) / I need her to mop the floor every day. (我需要她每天拖地板) |
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prepare |
We prepared to take the test. (我們為參加考試做準備) / We prepared him to take the test. (我們讓他做好準備參加考試) |
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promise |
Kevin promised to quit smoking. (凱文答應要戒菸) / Kevin promised Monica to stop smoking. (凱文答應莫妮卡要戒菸) 註：promise 是這一句型的例外，因為主動詞 promised 和不定詞片語 to stop smoking 的主詞都是Kevin － Monica 這個間接受詞並非不定詞的主詞，亦即 Monica 並非要戒菸的人。 |
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threaten |
His wife threatened to leave forever. (他太太威脅要永遠離開) / His wife threatened him to leave forever. (他太太威脅他要永遠離開) 註：threaten 也是這一句型的例外，說明與 promise 同。 |
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want |
He wants to study French. (他想要學法文) / He wants his daughter to study French. (他要他女兒學法文) |
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wish (與 |
I wish to stay a little longer. (我想要再多待一會兒) / I wish Tim to stay a little longer. (我想要提姆再多待一會兒) － 這種句型非常罕見。 |
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would like (與 |
The teacher would like to start now. (這位老師想要現在開始) / The teacher would like his students to start now. (這位老師想要他的學生現在開始)
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文章連結：http://englishhome.org/learning-grammar_contents/
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